Here is the class notes from Class NCERT Civics- Chapter 3: “How the State Government Works”
Introduction
- The State Government is responsible for running the administration of a state.
- It includes the Legislative Assembly, MLAs (Members of Legislative Assembly), Chief Minister, and other ministers.
MLA
- Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) are elected by the people.
- Every state in India has a Legislative Assembly.
- Each state is divided into different areas or constituencies.
- From each constituency, constituency, the people elect one representative who then becomes a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA).
- MLAs can be part of:
- A political party whose MLAs have won more than half the number of constituencies in a state can be said to be in a majority majority.
- The political party that has the majority is called the ruling party and all other members are called the opposition opposition.
Role of MLAs
- MLAs represent the people and bring public issues to the Assembly.
- They debate and discuss matters, ask questions, and demand answers from the government.
Formation of Government
- The party with majority MLAs forms the government.
- The MLAs of the ruling party elect the Chief Minister (CM).
- The CM selects other ministers from the MLAs.
- Together, the CM and ministers are called the Council of Ministers.
Coalition
- At times, the ruling party may not be a single party but a group of parties working together. This is called a coalition.
Functioning of the Government
- Government departments (like health, education, etc.) implement the decisions.
- Ministers are responsible for their respective departments.
- Civil servants and officials help implement policies.
Governor
- The Head of the State is the Governor.
- She/He is appointed by the Central Government to ensure that the State Government works within the rules and regulations of the Constitution
Role of the Press and Media
- Media reports issues, problems, and actions of the government.
- Helps people stay informed and pressurizes the government to act.
Public Participation
- Citizens play a vital role by:
- Voting in elections.
- Raising issues through media, protests, and petitions.
- Holding the government accountable.