Here is the class notes from Class  NCERT Civics- Chapter 3: “How the State Government Works”

Introduction

  • The State Government is responsible for running the administration of a state.
  • It includes the Legislative Assembly, MLAs (Members of Legislative Assembly), Chief Minister, and other ministers.

MLA

  • Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) are elected by the people.
  • Every state in India has a Legislative Assembly.
  • Each state is divided into different areas or constituencies.
  • From each constituency, constituency, the people elect one representative who then becomes a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA).
  • MLAs can be part of:
    • A political party whose MLAs have won more than half the number of constituencies in a state can be said to be in a majority majority.
    • The political party that has the majority is called the ruling party and all other members are called the opposition opposition.

Role of MLAs

  • MLAs represent the people and bring public issues to the Assembly.
  • They debate and discuss matters, ask questions, and demand answers from the government.

Formation of Government

  • The party with majority MLAs forms the government.
  • The MLAs of the ruling party elect the Chief Minister (CM).
  • The CM selects other ministers from the MLAs.
  • Together, the CM and ministers are called the Council of Ministers.

Coalition

  • At times, the ruling party may not be a single party but a group of parties working together. This is called a coalition.

Functioning of the Government

  • Government departments (like health, education, etc.) implement the decisions.
  • Ministers are responsible for their respective departments.
  • Civil servants and officials help implement policies.

Governor

  • The Head of the State is the Governor.
  • She/He is appointed by the Central Government to ensure that the State Government works within the rules and regulations of the Constitution

Role of the Press and Media

  • Media reports issues, problems, and actions of the government.
  • Helps people stay informed and pressurizes the government to act.

Public Participation

  • Citizens play a vital role by:
    • Voting in elections.
    • Raising issues through media, protests, and petitions.
    • Holding the government accountable.
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