Here is the class notes from Class 8 NCERT Civics – Chapter 7: Market Around Us
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Types of Markets
Weekly Market
- Held on a specific day of the week.
- Temporary setup; sellers come with their goods and leave the same day.
- Items sold: vegetables, clothes, utensils, etc.
- Prices are usually lower due to:
- No permanent shops (low cost)
- Direct sale by producers or small traders (no middlemen)
- Competition among sellers
Shops in the Neighbourhood
- Permanent shops like grocery stores, stationery shops, pharmacies, etc.
- Open all week.
- Provide credit facilities and home delivery.
- Friendly relations with customers.
Shopping Complexes and Malls
- Large multi-storeyed buildings with many branded shops.
- Located in urban areas.
- Items are usually more expensive.
- Air-conditioned, with parking and other facilities.
Chain of Markets
- The producer → wholesaler → retailer → consumer
- Goods pass through various hands before reaching the final buyer.
- Each link in the chain adds a profit margin.
Markets and Equality
- Not all sellers have equal power.
- One is a small trader with little money to run the shop whereas the other is able to spend a lot of money to set up the shop.
- They also earn unequal amounts.
- The weekly market trader earns little compared to the profit of a regular shop owner in a shopping complex.
- Buyers or sellers in these different markets depends on the money that we have.