Q. Internal processes are caused by:
a) Sun’s heat
b) Forces from inside the Earth
c) Wind and rain
d) Ocean waves
Answer: b) Forces from inside the Earth
Explanation: Internal processes leads to the upliftment and sinking of the earth’s surface at several places.
Q. External processes are caused by:
a) Tectonic forces
b) Forces from inside the Earth
c) Wind, water, ice, and gravity
d) Magma flow
Answer: c) Wind, water, ice, and gravity
Explanation: External processes reshape the Earth’s surface from outside. Example erosion, deposition
Q. Erosion is the process of:
a) Wearing away of the earth’s surface
b) Depositing sediments in a new place
c) Formation of mountains
d) Volcanic eruption
Answer: a) Wearing away of the earth’s surface
Explanation: Erosion involves removal of rock and soil by agents like water, wind, ice, or gravity
.
Q. Deposition is the process of:
a) Breaking rocks
b) Carrying sediments
c) Laying down or settling of sediments
d) Folding of rocks
Answer: c) Laying down or settling of sediments
Explanation: Sediments carried by rivers, wind, or glaciers are deposited when the carrying medium slows down.
Q. A mountain is:
a) A flat area of land
b) A natural elevation of the earth surface
c) A low-lying plain
d) A river valley
Answer: b) A natural elevation of the earth surface
Q. Mountains arranged in a line are called:
a) Plateau
b) Hill
c) Range
d) Valley
Answer: c) Mountain range
Explanation: A series of mountains connected together in a line is called a mountain range, e.g., the Himalayas, the Alps and the Andes.
Q. Mountains formed by the collision of two tectonic plates are called:
a) Fold Mountains
b) Block Mountains
c) Volcanic Mountains
d) Residual Mountains
Answer: a) Fold Mountains
Q. How many of them are not Fold mountains?
a) Himalayas (Asia)
b) Alps (Europe)
c) Vindhyas (India)
d) Ural (Russia)
e) Appalachians (North America)
e) Satpura (India)
f) Aravali range
Options:
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: b) 2
Q. Mountains that are created when large areas of the Earth’s crust are broken and displaced vertically are called:
a) Fold Mountains
b) Block Mountains
c) Volcanic Mountains
d) Residual Mountains
Answer: b) Block Mountains
Explanation: Examples include the Rhine valley and the Vosges mountain in Europe.
Q. Raised blocks of land formed due to vertical displacement along faults are called:
a) Horsts
b) Grabens
c) Fold Mountains
d) Plateaus
Answer: a) Horsts
Explanation: Horsts are raised blocks of crust between two faults, forming elevated land.
Q. Sunken blocks of land formed due to vertical displacement along faults are called:
a) Horsts
b) Grabens
c) Fold Mountains
d) Valleys
Answer: b) Grabens
Explanation: Grabens are lowered blocks of the Earth’s crust that form valleys or depressions
Q. Volcanic mountains are formed due to:
a) Earthquakes
b) Folding
c) Eruption of lava
d) Erosion
Answer: c) Eruption of lava
Explanation: Lava accumulates on the Earth’s surface to form volcanic mountains.
Q. An elevated flat land is called:
a) Mountain
b) Plateau
c) Valley
d) Hill
Answer: b) Plateau
Q. Which is the oldest plateau in India?
a) Deccan Plateau
b) Chota Nagpur Plateau
c) Malwa Plateau
d) Meghalaya Plateau
Answer: a) Deccan Plateau
Q. Which is the highest plateau in the world?
a) Deccan Plateau
b) Chota Nagpur Plateau
c) Tibetan Plateau
d) Malwa Plateau
Answer: c) Tibetan Plateau
Explanation: The Tibetan Plateau is the highest and largest plateau in the world, with a height of 4,000 to 6,000 metres above the mean sea level.
Q. The African Plateau is famous for mining which of the following minerals?
a) Diamonds and gold
b) Coal and iron
c) Oil and natural gas
d) Copper and zinc
Answer: a) Diamonds and gold
Q. The Chota Nagpur Plateau is famous for mining which of the following minerals?
a) Coal, iron, and manganese
b) Diamonds and gold
c) Copper and platinum
d) Oil and natural gas
Answer: a) Coal, iron, and manganese
Explanation: The Chota Nagpur Plateau is rich in coal, iron ore, manganese, and mica, making it an important mineral-producing region in India.
Q. Plains are:
a) High and steep landforms
b) Flat or gently sloping land
c) Mountainous regions
d) Deep valleys
Answer: b) Flat or gently sloping land
Explanation: Plains are low-lying areas with flat or gently rolling land suitable for agriculture and settlement.
Q. Plains are formed mainly by:
a) Erosion and deposition by rivers
b) Folding of rocks
c) Volcanic activity
d) Glacial melting
Answer: a) Erosion and deposition by rivers
Explanation: Plains are formed when rivers deposit sediments over a long period, creating flat, fertile land.
Q. The Northern Plains of India are mainly formed by the deposition of sediments of:
a) Ganga, Yamuna, Brahmaputra
b) Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri
c) Narmada and Tapi
d) Mahanadi and Subarnarekha
Answer: a) Ganga, Yamuna, Brahmaputra
Explanation: These rivers carry sediments from the Himalayas and deposit them in the northern plains.
Q. The Yangtze River forms fertile plains in which country?
a) India
b) China
c) Thailand
d) Egypt
Answer: b) China
Q. Mauna Kea is located in which ocean?
a) Atlantic Ocean
b) Indian Ocean
c) Pacific Ocean
d) Arctic Ocean
Answer: c) Pacific Ocean
Explanation: Mauna Kea is a volcanic mountain located on the Big Island of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. It is the tallest mountain in the world when measured from its base on the ocean floor around 10,205 metres high.
Q. The Swachh Bharat Mission was launched by the Government of India in which year?
a) 2012
b) 2014
c) 2016
d) 2018
Answer: b) 2014
Explanation: Swachh Bharat Mission (Clean India Mission) was launched on 2nd October 2014 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.