Q. What is meant by power sharing?
A). Division of power among different social groups
B). Concentration of power in one hand
C). Distribution of power among organs and levels of government
D). Transfer of power to judiciary only
Answer: C). Distribution of power among organs and levels of government
Explanation: Power sharing means distributing power among different organs and levels of government to prevent misuse of power.
Q. Belgium does not share its boundary with which of the following countries?
A). France
B). Netherlands
C). Germany
D). Italy
Answer: D). Italy
Q. What is the capital of Belgium?
A). Antwerp
B). Brussels
C). Paris
D). Bruges
Answer: B). Brussels
Q. Which of the following best explains prudential reasons?
A). They are based on ideals of justice
B). They promote moral values
C). They stress careful calculation of gains and losses
D). They focus on religious beliefs
Answer: C). They stress careful calculation of gains and losses
Explanation: Prudential reasons are based on practical calculations of advantages and disadvantages.
Q. Which language group is in majority in Belgium?
A). German-speaking
B). French-speaking
C). Dutch-speaking
D). English-speaking
Answer: C). Dutch-speaking
Explanation: Dutch-speaking people constituted a majority in the country, but a minority in the capital.
Q. Which community is the majority in Sri Lanka?
A). Tamils
B). Muslims
C). Sinhalese
D). Christians
Answer: C). Sinhalese
Q. What was the major reason for conflict in Sri Lanka?
A). Economic crisis
B). Lack of elections
C). Majoritarian policies of the government
D). Foreign invasion
Answer: C). Majoritarian policies of the government
Q. Which language was declared the official language of Sri Lanka in 1956?
A). Tamil
B). English
C). Sinhala
D). Hindi
Answer: C). Sinhala
Explanation: Sinhala was made the official language, leading to discrimination against Tamils.
Q. What was the major demand of the Tamil community in Sri Lanka?
A). Separate military rule
B). Equal political rights and recognition of Tamil language
C). Removal of democracy
D). Establishment of monarchy
Answer: B). Equal political rights and recognition of Tamil language
Explanation: Tamils demanded equality in political power and recognition of their language.
Q. Which of the following is the main objective of power sharing?
A). To strengthen monarchy
B). To ensure political stability and reduce conflict
C). To weaken the government
D). To promote dictatorship
Answer: B). To ensure political stability and reduce conflict
Explanation: Power sharing helps reduce social conflict and ensures political stability in a democracy.
Q. Which form of power sharing divides power among legislature, executive and judiciary?
A). Horizontal distribution of power
B). Vertical distribution of power
C). Social group distribution
D). Community government
Answer: A). Horizontal distribution of power
Explanation: Horizontal power sharing exists among different organs of government at the same level.
Q. Power sharing among central, state and local governments is known as:
A). Horizontal division
B). Social power sharing
C). Vertical division
D). Community sharing
Answer: C). Vertical division
Q. Reservation of seats in legislatures is an example of:
A). Horizontal power sharing
B). Vertical power sharing
C). Power sharing among social groups
D). Power sharing among organs
Answer: C). Power sharing among social groups
Explanation: Reservation ensures representation of weaker sections.
Q. Discrimination against Tamils in Sri Lanka resulted in:
A). Economic growth
B). Political stability
C). Civil war
D). Stronger democracy
Answer: C). Civil war
Explanation: Continuous discrimination led to conflict and civil war in Sri Lanka.
Q. Consider the following statements about power sharing arrangements in Belgium and Sri Lanka.
1). In Belgium, the Dutch-speaking majority people tried to impose their domination on the minority French-speaking community.
2). In Sri Lanka, the policies of the government sought to ensure the dominance of the Sinhala-speaking majority.
3). The Tamils in Sri Lanka demanded a federal arrangement of power sharing to protect their culture, language and equality of opportunity in education and jobs.
4). The transformation of Belgium from unitary government to a federal one prevented a possible division of the country on linguistic lines.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A). 1, 2, 3 and 4
B). 1, 2, and 4
C). 1 and 2
D). 2, 3 and 4
Answer: D). 2, 3 and 4
Q. Match the following Harappan features with their sites:
1). Power shared among different organs of government
2). Power shared among governments at different levels
3). Power shared by different social groups
4). Power shared by two or more political parties
a). Community government
b). Separation of powers
c). Coalition government
d). Federal government
Options:
A). 1-a, 2-b, 3-d, 4-c
B). 1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c
C). 1-c, 2-a, 3-b, 4-d
D). 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a
Answer: B). 1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c
Q. Match the political positions in Lebanon with the religion they are reserved for:
1. President
2. Prime Minister
3. Deputy Prime Minister
4. Speaker of Parliament
A). Sunni Muslim
B). Shia Muslim
C). Maronite sect of Catholic Christian
D). Orthodox Christian
Options:
A). 1-a, 2-b, 3-d, 4-c
B). 1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c
C). 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b
D). 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a
Answer: C). 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b