Q. How many major domains of the Earth are there?
a). 2
b). 3
c). 4
d). 5
Answer: c). 4
Explanation: The four major domains are Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, and Biosphere.
Q. The solid portion of the Earth is called:
a). Lithosphere
b). Atmosphere
c). Hydrosphere
d). Biosphere
Answer: a). Lithosphere
Explanation: The lithosphere includes landmasses and the Earth’s crust.
Q. The gaseous layer that surrounds the Earth is called:
a). Hydrosphere
b). Atmosphere
c). Lithosphere
d). Biosphere
Answer: b). Atmosphere
Explanation: The Earth is surrounded by a blanket of gases known as the atmosphere, which contains oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and other gases essential for life.
Q. The water that covers the surface of the Earth is called:
a). Atmosphere
b). Hydrosphere
c). Lithosphere
d). Biosphere
Answer: b). Hydrosphere
Explanation: The hydrosphere refers to all forms of water found on Earth’s surface, such as oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, and even groundwater.
Q. The narrow zone where lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere meet is called:
a). Hemisphere
b). Stratosphere
c). Biosphere
d). Tropopause
Answer: c). Biosphere
Explanation: The biosphere is the zone of life where the three domains interact.
Q. Large landmasses on the Earth’s surface are known as:
a). Oceans
b). Continents
c). Islands
d). Peninsulas
Answer: b). Continents
Q. Which is the largest continent on Earth?
a). Africa
b). Asia
c). North America
d). Europe
Answer: b). Asia
Q. Which two continents together form a single landmass called Eurasia?
a). Asia and Africa
b). Europe and Asia
c). North America and South America
d). Asia and Australia
Answer: b). Europe and Asia
Q. Which of the following statements about Asia is/are correct?
1. Asia lies in the Eastern Hemisphere.
2. The equator passes through Asia.
3. Asia is separated by Europe by Ural mountains on the West.
4. It covers about one-third of the total area of the Earth.
a). 1 and 2 only
b). 2 and 3 only
c). 1 and 3, 4 only
d). 1, 2 and 3
Answer: c). 1 and 3, 4 only
Explanation: The equator does not pass through Asia, Tropic of Cancer does.
Q. Which imaginary line passes through Europe?
a). Equator
b). Tropic of Cancer
c). Tropic of Capricorn
d). Arctic Circle
Answer: d). Arctic Circle
Q. Which is the second largest continent in the world by area?
a). Africa
b). Europe
c). Asia
d). North America
Answer: a). Africa
Q. Consider the following statements:
1. Africa is the only continent through which the Equator, Tropic of Cancer, and Tropic of Capricorn pass.
2. The Sahara Desert, the largest desert in the world is located in Africa.
3. The Nile, world longest river flows through Africa.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a). 1 only
b). 2 only
c). Both 1 and 2
d). 1, 2 and 3
Answer: d). 1, 2 and 3
Q. A narrow strip of land joining two landmasses is called:
a). Isthmus
b). Peninsula
c). Strait
d). Archipelago
Answer: a). Isthmus
Q. A narrow passage of water connecting two large water bodies is called:
a). Isthmus
b). Strait
c). Channel
d). Peninsula
Answer: b). Strait
Explanation: The Palk Strait is the narrow body of water that separates India (Tamil Nadu) from Sri Lanka, connecting the Bay of Bengal with the Gulf of Mannar.
Q. Consider the following statements about North America:
1. It is the third largest continent in the world.
2. North and South America are connected by Isthmus of Panama.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a). 1 only
b). 2 only
c). Both 1 and 2
d). Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: c). Both 1 and 2
Q. North America is not surrounded by which of the following oceans?
a). Atlantic Ocean
b). Pacific Ocean
c). Indian Ocean
d). Arctic Ocean
Answer: c). Indian Ocean
Explanation: North America is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean (east), Pacific Ocean (west), and Arctic Ocean (north). It is not bordered by the Indian Ocean.
Q1. Consider the following statements about South American mountains:
1. The Andes is the longest mountain range in the world is located in South America.
2. The World largest river, the Amazon flows through South America.
3. Tropic of Cancer and Equator passes through it.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a). 1 only
b). 3 only
c). 1 and 2 only
d). 1, 2 and 3
Answer: c). 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Equator and Tropic of Capricorn passes through South America.
Q. South America is surrounded by which two oceans?
a). Atlantic and Indian
b). Pacific and Indian
c). Atlantic and Pacific
d). Pacific and Arctic
Answer: c). Atlantic and Pacific
Explanation: South America is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on the east and the Pacific Ocean on the west.
Q4. Consider the following statements about Australia:
1. It lies completely in Northern Hemisphere.
2. Tropic of Capricorn passes through it.
3. It is also called island continent.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a). 1 only
b). 2 only
c). 2 and 3 only
d). 1, 2 and 3
Answer: c). 2 and 3 only
Explanation: It lie completely in Southern Hemisphere, not in Northern Hemisphere.
Q. Consider the following statements about Antarctica:
1. Antarctica is permanently covered with thick ice sheets.
2. It lies completely in Southern Hemisphere.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a). 1 only
b). 2 only
c). Both 1 and 2
d). Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: c). Both 1 and 2
Q. Which of the following is not an Indian research station in Antarctica?
a). Maitri
b). Bharati
c). Dakshin Gangotri
d). Mirny
Answer: d). Mirny
Q. The hydrosphere covers how much of the Earth’s surface?
a). 29%
b). 50%
c). 71%
d). 90%
Answer: c). 71%
Explanation: About 71% of Earth’s surface is covered with water.
Q. Freshwater makes up how much percentage of the total hydrosphere?
a). 2.5%
b). 50%
c). 10%
d). 97%
Answer: a). 2.5%
Explanation: About 97% of water in the hydrosphere is saline (oceans & seas), while only 2.5% is freshwater, found in glaciers, rivers, lakes, and groundwater.
Q. Why is the Earth called the “Blue Planet”?
a). Because of its large landmass
b). Because of the presence of forests
c). Because of the abundance of water bodies
d). Because of the presence of mountains
Answer: c). Because of the abundance of water bodies
Explanation: About 71% of Earth’s surface is covered with water, which appears blue from space, hence it is called the “Blue Planet.”
Q. Which of the following represents the correct arrangement of all the oceans in increasing size?
a). Arctic, Southern, Indian, Atlantic, Pacific
b). Southern, Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, Pacific
c). Indian, Arctic, Southern, Pacific, Atlantic
d). Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Southern, Arctic
Answer: a). Arctic, Southern, Indian, Atlantic, Pacific
Explanation: The oceans from smallest to largest are: Arctic → Southern → Indian → Atlantic → Pacific.
Q. Consider the following statements about the Pacific Ocean:
1. It spread over one-third of the earth surface.
2. The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the Pacific Ocean.
3. It is entirely located in the Northern Hemisphere.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a). 1 and 2 only
b). 2 only
c). 1 and 3 only
d). 1, 2 and 3
Answer: a). 1 and 2 only
Explanation: The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean, but it lies in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
Q. The coastline of which ocean is highly indented, providing natural harbours for ports?
a). Pacific Ocean
b). Atlantic Ocean
c). Indian Ocean
d). Arctic Ocean
Answer: b). Atlantic Ocean
Q. The Atlantic Ocean is unique among oceans because:
a). It has the greatest average depth of all oceans
b). It is the youngest and shallowest of the world’s oceans
c). It is the busiest ocean in terms of trade routes
d). It does not touch any continent in the Southern Hemisphere
Answer: c). It is the busiest ocean in terms of trade routes
Explanation: The Atlantic Ocean has been historically important for trade and colonization, making it the busiest ocean route in the world.
Q. Which of the following statements about the Indian Ocean is/are correct?
1. It is the only ocean named after a country.
2. It is the third largest ocean in the world.
3. The Suez Canal connects the Indian Ocean with the Mediterranean Sea.
a). 1 and 2 only
b). 2 and 3 only
c). 1 and 3 only
d). 1, 2 and 3
Answer: a). 1 and 2 only
Explanation: The Indian Ocean is the only ocean named after a country and the third largest in size. The Suez Canal connects the Red Sea (part of Indian Ocean system) to the Mediterranean.
Q. Which ocean completely encircles the continent of Antarctica?
a). Indian Ocean
b). Southern Ocean
c). Pacific Ocean
d). Atlantic Ocean
Answer: b). Southern Ocean
Q. Which strait connects the Pacific Ocean and the Arctic Ocean?
a). Bering Strait
b). Malacca Strait
c). Sunda Strait
d). Davis Strait
Answer: a). Bering Strait
Q. Match the following oceans with their characteristic shapes:
1. Pacific Ocean a). Triangular
2. Atlantic Ocean b). Almost Circular
3. Indian Ocean c). S-shaped
Options:
a). 1–b, 2–c, 3–a
b). 1–a, 2–c, 3–b
c). 1–c, 2–a, 3–b
d). 1–b, 2–c, 3–a
Answer: a). 1–b, 2–c, 3–a
Q. Match the following oceans with the continents that bound them:
1. Pacific Ocean
2. Atlantic Ocean
3. Indian Ocean
4. Arctic Ocean
5. Southern Ocean
a). Antarctica
b). North America, Europe, and Asia
c). Asia, Australia, North America, and South America
d). North & South America, Europe & Africa
e). Asia, Africa, and Australia
Options
a). 1–a, 2–b, 3–c, 4–d, 5–e
b). 1–b, 2–a, 3–e, 4–c, 5–d
c). 1–c, 2–d, 3–a, 4–e, 5–b
d). 1–d, 2–c, 3–b, 4–a, 5–e
Answer: a). 1–a, 2–b, 3–c, 4–d, 5–e
Q. The atmosphere extends up to how many kilometers above the Earth’s surface?
a). 100 km
b). 1000 km
c). 1600 km
d). 500 km
Answer: c). 1600 km
Explanation: The atmosphere extends about 1600 km, though most air is within 100 km.
Q. Which gas is most abundant in the atmosphere?
a). Oxygen
b). Carbon dioxide
c). Nitrogen
d). Argon
Answer: c). Nitrogen
Explanation: Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the atmosphere.
Q. What is the correct arrangement of the layers of the atmosphere from the Earth’s surface upwards?
a). Troposphere → Stratosphere → Mesosphere → Thermosphere → Exosphere
b). Stratosphere → Troposphere → Thermosphere → Mesosphere → Exosphere
c). Troposphere → Mesosphere → Stratosphere → Thermosphere → Exosphere
d). Mesosphere → Troposphere → Stratosphere → Exosphere → Thermosphere
Answer: a). Troposphere → Stratosphere → Mesosphere → Thermosphere → Exosphere
Q. How does the density of the atmosphere change with increasing height from the Earth’s surface?
a). It increases gradually
b). It remains the same
c). It decreases gradually
d). It fluctuates randomly
Answer: c). It decreases gradually
Q. Air pressure is highest at:
a). Sea level
b). Mountain tops
c). Troposphere top
d). Exosphere
Answer: a). Sea level
Q. Why do mountaineers carry oxygen cylinders while climbing high mountains?
a). Because air is warmer at high altitudes
b). Because air density and oxygen level decrease with height
c). Because wind speed is higher at mountain peaks
d). Because mountains have poisonous gases
Answer: b). Because air density and oxygen level decrease with height
Q. Moving air is called:
a). Wind
b). Current
c). Breeze
d). Cyclone
Answer: a). Wind
Q. The biosphere includes which of the following?
a). Only land organisms
b). Only aquatic organisms
c). All living organisms
d). Only plants
Answer: c). All living organisms
Explanation: The biosphere is the zone of life on Earth, including plants, animals, and humans.
Q. The biosphere depends on:
a). Lithosphere
b). Hydrosphere
c). Atmosphere
d). All of the above
Answer: d). All of the above
Explanation: Life exists because of the interaction of lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere
Q. What is the term global warming used for?
a). Decrease in Earth’s surface temperature
b). Gradual increase in Earth’s average surface temperature
c). Melting of icebergs only
d). Sudden weather changes
Answer: b). Gradual increase in Earth’s average surface temperature
Explanation: Global warming refers to the gradual rise in Earth’s average temperature due to the greenhouse effect and human activities.
Q. Which of the following gases contributes most to global warming?
a). Oxygen
b). Carbon dioxide
c). Nitrogen
d). Hydrogen
Answer: b). Carbon dioxide
Explanation: CO₂, released from burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial activities, traps heat in the atmosphere and causes global warming.
Q. Who were the first climbers to reach the summit of Mount Everest?
a). Reinhold Messner and Peter Habeler
b). Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay
c). George Mallory and Andrew Irvine
d). Junko Tabei and Bachendri Pal
Answer: b). Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: Edmund Hillary (New Zealand) and Tenzing Norgay (Nepal) were the first men to successfully climb Mount Everest on 29 May 1953.
Q. Who was the first woman to climb Mount Everest?
a). Junko Tabei
b). Bachendri Pal
c). Tenzing Norgay
d). Edmund Hillary
Answer: a). Junko Tabei
Explanation: Junko Tabei of Japan became the first woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest in 16 May 1975
Q. Who was the first Indian woman to climb Mount Everest?
a). Junko Tabei
b). Bachendri Pal
c). Santosh Yadav
d). Premlata Agarwal
Answer: b). Bachendri Pal
Explanation: Bachendri Pal became the first Indian woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest on 23 May 1984.
· Santosh Yadav became the first Indian woman to climb Everest twice.
· Premlata Agarwal climbed Everest in 2011 at the age of 52.