Q. What does the term ‘environment’ mainly refer to?
A). Only plants and animals around us
B). Only the air we breathe
C). Our surroundings including living and non-living things
D). Only human-made structures
Answer: C). Our surroundings including living and non-living things
Explanation: Environment includes everything around us—both living and non-living components.
Q. The word ‘environment’ is derived from which language?
A). Latin
B). Greek
C). French
D). German
Answer: C). French
Explanation: The word environment is derived from the French word environner means “neighbourhood”.
Q. Biotic components refer to:
A). Non-living things in the environment
B). Living organisms in the environment
C). Only plants
D). Only animals
Answer: B). Living organisms in the environment
Explanation: Biotic components include all living organisms—plants, animals, humans, and microorganisms.
Q. Which of the following is a biotic component?
A). Sunlight
B). Water
C). Plants
D). Soil
Answer: C). Plants
Explanation: Plants are living organisms, therefore they are biotic.
Q. Abiotic components refer to:
A). Living organisms in the environment
B). Non-living elements of the environment
C). Only plants and animals
D). Human-made structures only
Answer: B). Non-living elements of the environment
Explanation: Abiotic components are the non-living physical and chemical factors of the environment.
Q. Which of the following is NOT an abiotic factor?
A). Sunlight
B). Temperature
C). Soil
D). Birds
Answer: D). Birds
Explanation: Birds are living organisms and belong to the biotic category.
Q. Match the following spheres of the Earth with their correct descriptions:
1. Lithosphere
2. Hydrosphere
3. Atmosphere
4. Biosphere
A). All water bodies on Earth
B). Layer of air surrounding the Earth
C). Living organisms and life-supporting zones
D). Solid outer layer of the Earth
Options:
A). 1-D, 2-A, 3-B, 4-C
B). 1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D
C). 1-C, 2-D, 3-A, 4-B
D). 1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A
Answer: A). 1-D, 2-A, 3-B, 4-C
Q. Consider the following statements about the lithosphere:
1. It is the solid crust of the Earth.
2. It includes landforms like mountains, valleys and plateaus.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A). 1 only
B). 2 only
C). Both 1 and 2
D). Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: C). Both 1 and 2
Explanation: Lithosphere is the Earth’s solid outer layer and contains various physical landforms.
Q. Consider the following statements about the atmosphere:
1. The atmosphere is held by gravitational force.
2. It consists only of oxygen and nitrogen.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A). 1 only
B). 2 only
C). Both 1 and 2
D). Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: A). 1 only
Q. Consider the following statements about the biosphere:
1. It is the zone where life exists.
2. It includes parts of the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A). 1 only
B). 2 only
C). Both 1 and 2
D). Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: C). Both 1 and 2
Explanation: Biosphere is the life-supporting zone of the Earth, made of parts of all three spheres.
Q. What is an ecosystem?
A). A group of non-living things only
B). A community of plants, animals, and their physical environment
C). A place where only animals live
D). A large area covered with trees
Answer: B). A community of plants, animals, and their physical environment
Explanation: An ecosystem includes both living organisms and their physical surroundings.
Q. The interaction between biotic and abiotic components forms:
A). Biosphere
B). Environment
C). Habitat
D). Ecosystem
Answer: D). Ecosystem
Explanation: The ecosystem represents interaction between living and non-living components.
Q. A pond ecosystem is an example of which type of ecosystem?
A). Terrestrial ecosystem
B). Aquatic ecosystem
C). Desert ecosystem
D). Mountain ecosystem
Answer: B). Aquatic ecosystem
Explanation: Ponds are water-based, so they are aquatic ecosystems.
Q. What is meant by human environment?
A). Only the natural surroundings
B). The surroundings modified or created by humans
C). Only forests and rivers
D). Only urban areas
Answer: B). The surroundings modified or created by humans
Explanation: Human environment refers to areas and surroundings that humans modify for their needs, including towns, roads, and cultivated land.
Q. Which of the following is a human-made environment?
A). Mountains
B). Rivers
C). Roads and bridges
D). Oceans
Answer: C). Roads and bridges
Explanation: Roads, bridges, buildings, and other constructions are created by humans and form part of the human-made environment.
Q. Human environment is also shaped by:
A). Culture and traditions
B). Technology and lifestyle
C). Population growth
D). All of the above
Answer: D). All of the above
Explanation: Social, cultural, economic, and technological factors shape the human environment.
Q. World Environment Day is celebrated on:
A). 5th June
B). 15th June
C). 5th July
D). 15th July
Answer: A). 5th June
Explanation: World Environment Day is celebrated globally on 5th June every year to raise awareness about environmental protection.
Q. What is the barter system?
A). A system of using coins for trade
B). A system of direct exchange of goods without using money
C). A system of banking
D). A system of borrowing and lending
Answer: B). A system of direct exchange of goods without using money
Explanation: The barter system is a method of exchanging goods and services directly without the use of money.