Q. Pastoralists are communities that mainly depend on:
A). Industry
B). Agriculture
C). Herding animals
D). Trade
Answer: C). Herding animals
Explanation: Pastoralists move with their animals and depend on them for food, trade, and livelihood.
Q. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of pastoralism?
A). Seasonal migration
B). Reliance on livestock
C). Settled permanent residence
D). Use of pastures
Answer: C). Settled permanent residence
Q. In India, pastoralists often face problems due to:
A). Expansion of agriculture
B). Colonial forest laws
C). Industrial development
D). All of the above
Answer: D). All of the above
Q. Match the following pastoral communities with the regions where they lived:
1). Gujjars & Bakarwals I a). Rajasthan
2). Maldharis I b). Jammu and Kashmir
3). Gaddis I c). Gujarat
4). Raikas I d). Himachal Pradesh
5). Dhangars I e). Maharashtra
Options:
A). 1–c, 2–b, 3–d, 4–a, 5–e
B). 1–b, 2–c, 3–c, 4–a, 5–e
C). 1–d, 2–b, 3–e, 4–c, 5–a
D). 1–c, 2–a, 3–d, 4–b, 5–e
Answer: B). 1–b, 2–c, 3–c, 4–a, 5–e
Q. The Maru Raikas are traditionally associated with rearing:
A). Sheep
B). Goats
C). Camels
D). Cattle
Answer: C). Camels
Explanation: “Maru” means desert, indicating their habitat in the Thar Desert.
Q. The Maasai are:
A). Settled agriculturists
B). Pastoral nomads
C). Industrial workers
D). Fishermen
Answer: B). Pastoral nomads
Q. The Criminal Tribes Act was first passed in which year?
A). 1857
B). 1871
C). 1890
D). 1927
Answer: B). 1871
Explanation: The Criminal Tribes Act was enacted in 1871 by the British colonial government.
Q. Under the Criminal Tribes Act, which groups were labelled as criminals?
A). Industrial workers
B). Peasants
C). Nomadic and pastoral communities
D). Plantation owners
Answer: C). Nomadic and pastoral communities
Q. Maasailand refers to the region inhabited by the Maasai in:
A). West Africa
B). East Africa
C). South Africa
D). North Africa
Answer: B). East Africa
Explanation: Maasailand is located in East Africa, mainly in present-day Kenya and Tanzania.
Q. The Maasai are:
A). Settled agriculturists
B). Pastoral nomads
C). Industrial workers
D). Fishermen
Answer: B). Pastoral nomads
Q. Maasai’s cattle symbolize:
A). Wealth and status
B). Religion
C). Political power
D). Education
Answer: A). Wealth and status
Q. During colonial rule, Maasailand was divided between:
A). France and Britain
B). Britain and Germany
C). Portugal and Spain
D). Italy and Belgium
Answer: B). Britain and Germany
Explanation: British-controlled Kenya and German-controlled Tanganyika divided Maasailand.
Q. When did Tanganyika come under British control?
A). 1885
B). 1919
C). 1927
D). 1945
Answer: B). 1919
Q. Pastoralism is sustainable because:
A). It depends on seasonal migration
B). It avoids overgrazing
C). It maintains grassland ecosystems
D). All of the above
Answer: D). All of the above
Q. The term “Tanzania United” refers to the union of Tanganyika with:
A). Kenya
B). Zanzibar
C). Uganda
D). Rwanda
Answer: B). Zanzibar
Explanation: The union took place in 1964, creating the United Republic of Tanzania.
Q. Match the following national parks with their locations:
1). Samburu National Park a). Tanzania
2). Serengeti National Park b). Kenya
Options:
A). 1–b, 2–a
B). 1–a, 2–b
Answer: A). 1–b, 2–a