Q. Which of the following best defines the term “Drainage System”?
A) The network formed by natural and man-made canals used for irrigation.
B) The pattern formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin.
C) The system of underground pipelines used to carry wastewater.
D) The arrangement of hills and mountains that determines the flow of rivers.
Answer: B
Explanation: A drainage system refers to the pattern formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in an area, all flowing within a particular drainage basin. It includes both the main river and its tributaries.

Q. Which of the following statements best describes a “Catchment Area” in the context of a river system?
A) The point where a river meets the sea or ocean.
B) The total area from which a river and its tributaries collect their water.
C) The narrow channel through which a river flows in its lower course.
D) The elevated region separating two river basins.
Answer: B
Explanation: A catchment area is the total geographical area from which rainfall and surface runoff flow into a river, stream, or reservoir. It includes all tributaries and feeder streams.

Q. Which of the following best defines a “Watershed”?
A) A small catchment area where all water drains to a common outlet.
B) A large river basin covering multiple states.
C) A man-made storage structure for rainwater.
D) A network of canals used for irrigation.
Answer: A 

Q. Which of the following statements correctly differentiates between a river basin and a watershed?
A) A watershed is always larger than a river basin.
B) A river basin is part of a watershed where water is stored.
C) A river basin is a large area drained by a river and its tributaries, while a watershed is a smaller unit draining to a common outlet.
D) A watershed refers only to underground drainage, while a river basin refers to surface drainage.
Answer: C 
Explanation:
• River Basin → Large geographical area drained by a main river and its tributaries.
• Watershed → Smaller hydrological unit within a river basin where all water drains to a single point.
• Watersheds can be nested inside a river basin, making them smaller and more localized units for management.

Q. Which of the following pairs of drainage patterns and their characteristics is/are correctly matched?
1. Dendritic Pattern – Resembles the branching of tree roots, formed on uniform rock.
2. Trellis Pattern – Develops in regions with alternating hard and soft rock, causing tributaries to join main streams at right angles.
3. Radial Pattern – Streams flow outward from a central high point such as a volcano or dome.
4. Rectangular Pattern – Streams follow sharp bends due to faulted and jointed rocks.
Options:
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1, 2 and 3 only
C) 1, 3 and 4 only
D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: D 

Q. Which of the following statements about the Himalayan drainage system is/are correct?
1. Rivers are perennial in nature, fed by both snowmelt and rainfall.
2. They form meanders and ox-bow lakes in their lower courses.
3. They generally have shorter courses with lesser erosional activity compared to Peninsular rivers.
Options:
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: B
Explanation: Statement 3: False — Himalayan rivers have long courses and high erosional activity, unlike the shorter and more stable Peninsular rivers.

Q. The main water divide between the Indus and Ganga drainage systems lies in:
A) Karakoram Range
B) Aravalli Range
C) Potwar Plateau
D) Malwa Plateau
Answer: C
Explanation: The Potwar Plateau (Delhi Ridge) acts as the water divide between the Indus and Ganga Drainage Systems.

Q. What is the approximate total length of the Indus River?
A) 2,900 km
B) 3,180 km
C) 3,610 km
D) 4,050 km
Answer: B) 3,180 km
Explanation: The Indus River flows for about 3,180 km from its source near the Bokhar Chu glacier in Tibet to its mouth in the Arabian Sea. Out of this, about 1,114 km lies in India, while the majority flows through Pakistan.

Q. The drainage basin of the Indus River in India covers an area of approximately:
A) 2,93,000 sq. km
B) 3,21,289 sq. km
C) 3,87,500 sq. km
D) 4,12,000 sq. km

Answer: B) 3,21,289 sq. km

Q. The Indus River originates from which glacier?
A) Gangotri Glacier
B) Siachen Glacier
C) Bokhar Chu Glacier
D) Bokhar Chu 
Answer: C) Bokhar Chu Glacier

Q. In which mountain range does the Indus River originate?
A) Karakoram Range
B) Zaskar Range
C) Kailash Range
D) Ladakh Range
Answer: C) Kailash Range

Q. The origin of the Indus River lies in which country?
A) India
B) China (Tibet)
C) Nepal
D) Pakistan
Answer: B) China (Tibet)

Q. Which of the following is the local Tibetan name for the Indus River at its origin?
A) Hwang Ho
B) Senge Khabab
C) Tsangpo
D) Shiquanhe
Answer: B) Senge Khabab
Explanation: In Tibetan, Senge Khabab means “Lion’s Mouth,” referring to the river’s source.

Q. The Indus River’s source lies close to the origin of which other major river?
A) Sutlej
B) Brahmaputra
C) Ganga
D) Yamuna
Answer: A) Sutlej
Explanation: Both the Indus and Sutlej rivers originate near Lake Mansarovar in Tibet, but from different glaciers

Q. The Indus River flows between which of the following ranges in its Ladakh course?
A) Zaskar Range and Pir Panjal Range
B) Ladakh Range and Zaskar Range
C) Karakoram Range and Ladakh Range
D) Great Himalaya and Pir Panjal
Answer: B) Ladakh Range and Zaskar Range
Explanation: In Ladakh, the Indus River flows through a deep valley between the Ladakh Range to the north and the Zaskar Range to the south.

Q. The Indus River enters India from Tibet at which location?
A) Nimu
B) Demchok
C) Leh
D) Kargil
Answer: B) Demchok
Explanation: After originating in Tibet, the Indus enters India through Demchok in the southeastern part of Ladakh (UT of Ladakh).

Q. The Indus River enters Pakistan from India at:
A) Attock
B) Skardu
C) Mithankot
D) Near Chilas
Answer: D) Chilas
Explanation: The Indus river enters into Pakistan near Chilas in Dardistan region.

Q. Which of the following is not a right-bank tributary of the Indus River?
A) Hunza
B) Gilgit
C) Suru
D) Shyok
Answer: C) Suru
Explanation: Suru River is a left-bank tributary; Hunza, Gilgit, and Shyok are right-bank tributaries.

Q. The right-bank tributaries of the Indus in Ladakh mainly originate from:
A) Pir Panjal Range
B) Zaskar Range
C) Karakoram Range
D) Kailash Range
Answer: C) Karakoram Range
Explanation: Major right-bank tributaries like Shyok, Gilgit, and Hunza originate from the Karakoram Range.

Q. Which of the following is a right-bank tributary of the Indus River that does not originate from Sulaiman range?
A) Kabul
B) Khurram
C) Tochi
D) Gomal
Answer: A) Kabul
Explanation: Khurram, Tochi, Gomal, Viboa and Sangar, these all are right bank indus tributary that originate from Sulaiman ranges. Kabul is also right bank tributary of indus but not originate from Sulaiman ranges.

Q. The Jhelum River originates from which spring in Jammu & Kashmir?
a) Verinag
b) Mansar Lake
c) Gangbal Lake
d) Sheshnag Lake
Answer: a) Verinag 
Explanation: The Jhelum rises from Verinag spring at the foot of the Pir Panjal range in Kashmir.

Q2. The Jhelum River originates at the foothills of which range?
a) Zaskar Range
b) Pir Panjal Range
c) Karakoram Range
d) Shivalik Range
Answer: b) Pir Panjal Range 

Q. In ancient Hindu mythology, Jhelum (Vitasta) is said to have been created by:
a) Lord Indra
b) Sage Kashyapa
c) Goddess Parvati
d) Lord Shiva
Answer: d) Lord Shiva 

Q. Which Chinese pilgrim mentioned Jhelum (Vitasta) during his travels in India?
a) Fa-Hien
b) Hiuen Tsang
c) Itsing
d) Sung Yun
Answer: b) Hiuen Tsang 

Q. The Jhelum River flows through which major valley before entering Pakistan?
a) Nubra Valley
b) Kashmir Valley
c) Lidder Valley
d) Kullu Valley
Answer: b) Kashmir Valley 

Q. The Jhelum River forms which important lake in Srinagar city?
a) Dal Lake
b) Wular Lake
c) Mansar Lake
d) Tso Moriri
Answer: b) Wular Lake 
Explanation: The Jhelum River forms Wular Lake, the largest freshwater lake in India.

Q. Jhelum River joins the Chenab River at:
a) Jhang (Pakistan)
b) Muzaffarabad
c) Poonch
d) Multan
Answer: a) Jhang (Pakistan)

Q. Which is the largest tributary of the Indus River by volume and length?
a) Jhelum
b) Chenab
c) Ravi
d) Beas
Answer: b) Chenab

Q. Chenab is formed by the confluence of which two streams?
a) Ravi & Beas
b) Chandra & Bhaga
c) Spiti & Sutlej
d) Tochi & Sindh
Answer: b) Chandra & Bhaga 

Q. The Chenab River is formed by the confluence of Chandra and Bhaga rivers at:
a) Darjeeling
b) Tandi
c) Darge
d) Manali
Answer: b) Tandi 
Explanation: Chandra and Bhaga meet at Tandi village near Keylong in Himachal Pradesh to form the Chenab.

Q. In Rigveda, the Chenab River is referred to as:
a) Asikni
b) Vitasta
c) Vipasha
d) Sutudri
Answer: a) Asikni 

Q. The total length of Chenab River is about:
a) 813 km
b) 960 km
c) 1,180 km
d) 1,290 km
Answer: c) 1,180 km 

Q. The legend of Heer-Ranjha in Punjabi literature is associated with which river?
a) Ravi
b) Jhelum
c) Chenab
d) Beas
Answer: c) Chenab

Q. The Ravi River originates from which of the following regions?
a) Bara Lacha La Pass
b) Rohtang Pass (Kullu Hills)
c) Zanskar Range
d) Siachen Glacier
Answer: b) Rohtang Pass (Kullu Hills) 

Q. Through which valley does the Ravi River flow in Himachal Pradesh?
a) Kangra Valley
b) Chamba Valley
c) Kullu Valley
d) Spiti Valley
Answer: b) Chamba Valley 

Q. In Rigveda, the Ravi River was known as:
a) Vitasta
b) Asikni
c) Iravati
d) Purushni
Answer: c) Iravati 

Q. Ravi is the ____ among the five Punjab rivers.
a) Largest
b) Smallest
c) Longest
d) Deepest
Answer: b) Smallest 

Q. The Beas River originates from which glacier?
a) Bara Lacha La Glacier
b) Rohtang Pass (Beas Kund)
c) Zanskar Glacier
d) Sheshnag Glacier
Answer: b) Rohtang Pass (Beas Kund) 
Explanation: Beas originates from Beas Kund, near Rohtang Pass in Himachal Pradesh.

Q. The Beas River is a tributary of:
a) Sutlej
b) Ravi
c) Jhelum
d) Indus directly
Answer: a) Sutlej 
Explanation: Beas joins Sutlej at Harike in Punjab.

Q. Which river marked the easternmost boundary of Alexander the Great’s conquest?
a) Ravi
b) Jhelum
c) Beas
d) Sutlej
Answer: c) Beas 
Explanation: Alexander’s army refused to cross the Beas in 326 BCE.

Q. The upper course of the Beas River flows through which famous valley of Himachal Pradesh?
a) Kangra Valley
b) Kullu Valley
c) Spiti Valley
d) Sutlej Valley
Answer: b) Kullu Valley 
Explanation: Beas enters the Kullu Valley after emerging from its source near Rohtang Pass.

Q. The Beas River in the Kullu Valley forms two famous gorges at:
a) Kati and Largi
b) Mandi and Kangra
c) Rohtang and Shipki La
d) Talwara and Harike
Answer: a) Kati and Largi

Q. The largest wetland in Northern India is:
a) Wular Lake
b) Harike Wetland
c) Pong Dam Lake
d) Chilika Lake
Answer: b) Harike Wetland

Q. The Harike Wetland, the largest in Northern India, is formed at the confluence of which rivers?
a) Beas and Ravi
b) Sutlej and Ravi
c) Beas and Sutlej
d) Chenab and Jhelum
Answer: c) Beas and Sutlej

Q. The Satluj River originates from:
a) Mansarovar Lake
b) Rakas Lake
c) Rakastal Lake 
d) Shyok Glacier
Answer: c) Rakastal Lake (near Mansarovar)

Q. The Satluj enters India through which pass?
a) Nathu La Pass
b) Shipki La Pass
c) Rohtang Pass
d) Bara Lacha La Pass
Answer: b) Shipki La Pass 

Q. The Ropar (Rupar) Gorge is associated with which river?
a) Ravi
b) Beas
c) Satluj
d) Chenab
Answer: c) Satluj 

Q. The Ganga River originates from which glacier?
a) Gangotri Glacier 
b) Yamunotri Glacier
c) Zemu Glacier
d) Siachen Glacier
Answer: d) Gangotri Glacier near Gaumukh in the Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand

Q. In Uttarakhand the Ganga is known as
a) Bhagirathi
b) Purushni
c) Iravati
d) Vitasta
Answer: a) Bhagirathi

Q. The Alaknanda River originates from which glacier?
a) Gangotri Glacier
b) Satopanth Glacier
c) Yamunotri Glacier
d) Milam Glacier
Answer: b) Satopanth Glacier

Q. Match the Prayag with the river that joins Alaknanda:
Prayag                      River joining Alaknanda
(a) Vishnuprayag    (1) Mandakini (Kali Ganga)
(b) Nandprayag       (2) Pindar
(c) Karnaprayag      (3) Nandakini
(d) Rudraprayag     (4) Dhauliganga
(e) Devprayag          (5) Bhagirathi
Options:
a) (a–4), (b–2), (c–3), (d–1), (e–5) 
b) (a–2), (b–3), (c–1), (d–4), (e–5)
c) (a–3), (b–4), (c–2), (d–5), (e–1)
d) (a–5), (b–4), (c–1), (d–2), (e–3)

Answer a) (a–4), (b–2), (c–3), (d–1), (e–5) 

Q. Arrange the Panch Prayags in the upstream to downstream order of Alaknanda:
a) Devprayag → Rudraprayag → Karnaprayag → Nandprayag → Vishnuprayag
b) Vishnuprayag → Nandprayag → Karnaprayag → Rudraprayag → Devprayag 
c) Nandprayag → Karnaprayag → Vishnuprayag → Rudraprayag → Devprayag
d) Rudraprayag → Nandprayag → Karnaprayag → Vishnuprayag → Devprayag

Answer: b) Vishnuprayag → Nandprayag → Karnaprayag → Rudraprayag → Devprayag

Q. Which of the following is the main distributary of the Ganga in India?
a) Yamuna
b) Padma
c) Hooghly
d) Gandak
Answer: c) Hooghly

Q. After entering Bangladesh, the Ganga is known as:
a) Padma
b) Jamuna
c) Meghna
d) Hooghly
Answer: a) Padma

Q. The total length of the Ganga River from its origin to its mouth is approximately:
A) 2,210 km
B) 2,407 km
C) 2,525 km
D) 2,650 km
Answer: C) 2,525 km

Q. The Ganga River basin covers about how much area in India?
a) 6.5 lakh sq km
b) 8.6 lakh sq km
c) 10 lakh sq km
d) 12.5 lakh sq km
Answer: b) 8.6 lakh sq km

Q. Arrange the following left bank tributaries of the Ganga from west to east:
1. Ghaghara
2. Gandak
3. Kosi
4. Mahananda
5. Ramganga
6. Gomti
a) 5 – 6 – 1 – 2 – 3 – 4
b) 2 – 1 – 4 – 3 – 5 – 6
c) 3 – 2 – 5 – 1 – 6 – 4
d) 4 – 6 – 3 – 5 – 2 – 1
Answer: a) 5 – 6 –1 – 2 – 3 – 4

Q. Which is the correct west-to-east order of Ganga’s major left bank tributaries?
a) Kosi → Gandak → Ghaghara Ramganga Gomti → Mahananda
b) Ramganga → Gomti → Ghaghara → Gandak → Kosi → Mahananda
c) Mahananda → Kosi → Gandak → Ramganga → Gomti → Ghaghara
d) Gandak → Kosi → Ramganga → Gomti → Mahananda → Ghaghara
Answer: Ramganga → Gomti → Ghaghara → Gandak → Kosi → Mahanand

Answer: b)

Q. The Yamuna River originates from which glacier?
a) Gangotri Glacier
b) Yamunotri Glacier
c) Zemu Glacier
d) Siachen Glacier
Answer: b) Yamunotri Glacier

Q. Yamunotri Glacier, the source of the Yamuna River, is located in which mountain range?
a) Zaskar Range
b) Pir Panjal Range
c) Banderpunch Range
d) Dhauladhar Range
Answer: c) Banderpunch Range

Q. At which place does the Yamuna join the Ganga?
a) Rishikesh
b) Varanasi
c) Prayagraj (Allahabad)
d) Kanpur
Answer: c) Prayagraj (Allahabad)

Q. Arrange the following right bank tributaries of the Yamuna from north to south:
1. Chambal
2. Betwa
3. Ken
4. Sind
a) 1 – 4 – 2 – 3
b) 2 – 1 – 3 – 4
c) 3 – 2 – 4 – 1
d) 1 – 3 – 4– 2
Answer: a) 1 – 4 – 2 – 3

Q. Which of the following left bank tributaries of the Yamuna River in the correct order (from north to south).
a) Varuna – Hindon – Rind – Sengar
b) Rind – Sengar – Hindon – Varuna
c) Hindon –Rind – Sengar – Varuna
d) Varuna – Sengar – Rind – Hindon
Answer: c) Hindon –Rind – Sengar – Varuna

Q. Chambal River originates from:
a) Amarkantak Plateau
b) Janapav Hills 
c) Maikal Hills
d) Satpura Hills
Answer: b) Chambal river originate from Janapav hill near Mhow in the Malwa Plateau of Madhya Pradesh.

Q. Which is the first dam built under the Chambal Valley Project?
a) Gandhi Sagar Dam
b) Rana Pratap Sagar Dam
c) Jawahar Sagar Dam
d) Kota Barrage
Answer: a) Gandhi Sagar Dam (Rajasthan)

Q. Chambal River basin is widely known for:
a) Karst caves
b) Ravines (badlands)
c) Coastal deltas
d) Loess plains
Answer: b) Ravines (badlands)

Q. The Gandak River is formed by the confluence of which Himalayan streams?
a) Kali Gandaki & Trisulganga
b) Alaknanda & Mandakini
c) Sharda & Ghaghara
d) Tista & Rangeet
Answer: a) Kali Gandaki & Trisulganga

Q. The Gandak River originates in which country?
a) Bhutan
b) Nepal
c) Tibet
d) India
Answer: b) Nepal

Q. The Gandak River flows between which mountain?
a) Dhaulagiri and Mount Everest
b) Karakoram and Ladakh ranges
c) Zaskar and Pir Panjal ranges
d) Dhauladhar and Naga Hills
Answer: a) Dhaulagiri and Mount Everest

Q. The Gandak River forms the boundary between Nepal and India before entering Indian territory at:
a) West Champaran district, Bihar
b) Kushinagar district, Uttar Pradesh
c) Deoria district, Uttar Pradesh
d) Saran district, Bihar
Answer: a) West Champaran district, Bihar

Q. The Gandak River joins the Ganga River at which place?
a) Patna
b) Chhapra (Sonpur)
c) Ballia
d) Buxar
Answer: b) Chhapra (Sonpur)

Q. The Ghaghara River originates from which glacier?
a) Yamunotri Glacier
b) Gangotri Glacier
c) Mapchachungo Glacier, Tibet
d) Nhubine Himal Glacier
Answer: c) Mapchachungo Glacier, Tibet

Q. The Ghaghara River is known as Karnali in which country?
a) Bhutan
b) Nepal
c) Tibet
d) India
Answer: b) Nepal

Q. The Saryu River originates from which region?
a) Yamunotri Glacier
b) Milam Glacier
c) Gangotri Glacier
d) Mansarovar Lake
Answer: b) Milam Glacier

Q. In its upper course, the Saryu forms the boundary between:
a) Kumaon and Garhwal regions
b) Kumaon and Nepal
c) Garhwal and Tibet
d) Nepal and Bihar
Answer: b) Kumaon and Nepal

Q. The Saryu River ultimately merges into which major river?
a) Yamuna
b) Ghaghara
c) Gandak
d) Ganga
Answer: b) Ghaghara (Karnali)

Q. Along the Indo–Nepal border, the Saryu River is also known as:
a) Kali and Chauk
b) Ghaghara
c) Gandak
d) Mahakali
Answer: a) Kali and Chauk

Q. The three main tributaries that unite to form the Kosi (Nepal) are:
a) Sun Kosi, Arun, Tamur
b) Gandak, Rapti, Sarda
c) Karnali, Seti, Bheri
d) Bagmati, Kamla, Mahananda
Answer: a) Sun Kosi, Arun, Tamur

Q. The Ramganga River originates from which region?
a) Yamunotri Glacier
b) Doodhatoli ranges
c) Milam Glacier
d) Mansarovar Lake
Answer: b) Doodhatoli ranges (Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand)

Q. The Damodar River originates from which region?
a) Chotanagpur Plateau (Jharkhand)
b) Amarkantak Plateau (Madhya Pradesh)
c) Western Ghats (Maharashtra)
d) Siwalik Hills (Uttarakhand)
Answer: a) Chotanagpur Plateau (Jharkhand)

Q. The Damodar River is a tributary of which major river?
a) Hugli
b) Yamuna
c) Brahmaputra
d) Mahanadi
Answer: a) Hugli

Q. Which is the largest tributary of the Damodar River?
a) Konar
b) Bokaro
c) Barakar
d) Jamunia
Answer:  c) Barakar

Q. The Mahananda River originates from which region?
a) Chotanagpur Plateau
b) Darjeeling Hills (West Bengal)
c) Amarkantak Plateau
d) Western Ghats
Answer: b) Darjeeling Hills (West Bengal)

Q. The last major left bank tributary of the Ganga before it meets the Brahmaputra in Bangladesh is:
a) Ghaghara
b) Gandak
c) Kosi
d) Mahananda
Answer: d) Mahananda

Q. The Son River originates from:
a) Amarkantak Plateau (Madhya Pradesh)
b) Chotanagpur Plateau (Jharkhand)
c) Mahadeo Hills (Madhya Pradesh)
d) Himalayas
Answer: a) Amarkantak Plateau (Madhya Pradesh)

Q. The Son River joins the Ganga at which place?
a) Bhagalpur
b) Buxar
c) Ballia
d) Arrah
Answer: d) Chhapra (West of Patna)

Q. The Brahmaputra System
Q1. The Brahmaputra River originates from:
a) Kailash Range, Tibet
b) Mansarovar Lake
c) Chemayungdung Glacier, Tibet
d) Gangotri Glacier
Answer: c) Chemayungdung Glacier, Tibet

Q. The Yarlung Tsangpo takes a sharp U-turn around which mountain peak before entering India?
a) Mount Everest
b) Mount Kanchenjunga
c) Mount Namcha Barwa
d) Mount Kailash
Answer: c) Mount Namcha Barwa (7,755m)

Q. The Brahmaputra enters India through which pass?
a) Shipki La
b) Nathu La
c) Dihang Gorge (near Arunachal Pradesh)
d) Bomdila Pass
Answer: c) Dihang Gorge (Siang Valley, Arunachal Pradesh)

Q. Match the regions with the names of the Brahmaputra River:
Column A (Region) Column B (Name of Brahmaputra)
1. Tibet | A. Dihang / Siang
2. Arunachal Pradesh | B. Tsangpo
3. Assam | C. Brahmaputra
4. Bangladesh | D. Jamuna
Options
A) 1-B, 2-A, 3-C, 4-D
B) 1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D
C) 1-B, 2-C, 3-A, 4-D
D) 1-D, 2-B, 3-C, 4-A
Answer: A) 1-B, 2-A, 3-C, 4-D

Q. Arrange the following left bank tributaries of the Brahmaputra in correct order from east to west:
1. Lohit
2. Dibang or Sikang
3. Burhi Dihing
4. Dikhou
5. Dhansiri (South)
Options:
A) 2 – 1 – 3 – 4 – 5
B) 2 – 1 – 4 – 3 – 5
C) 1 – 3 – 2 – 5 – 4
D) 3 – 1 – 2 – 4 – 5
Answer: A) 2 – 1 – 3 – 4 – 5

Q. Arrange the right bank tributaries of the Brahmaputra River in their correct order from origin (upstream) to confluence (downstream):
1. Subansiri
2. Kameng
3. Manas
4. Sankosh
5. Tista
Options:
A) 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5
B) 2 – 1 – 3 – 5– 4
C) 1 – 3 – 5 – 2 – 4
D) 2 – 5 – 3 – 1 – 4

Answer: A) 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5

Q. Consider the following statements regarding the Peninsular drainage system:
1. Most rivers are seasonal in flow, depending on rainfall.
2. Rivers generally flow through shallow valleys and have reached a mature stage of development.
3. The system shows more meanders and oxbow lakes compared to the Himalayan rivers.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: A (1 and 2 only)

Q. Which of the following statements are incorrect about the Peninsular drainage system?
1. They have a high erosional activity due to young age.
2. They flow through rigid rocks and have developed large meanders.
3. Narmada and Tapi rivers flow westward into the Arabian Sea.
Options:
A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 2 and 3 only
Answer: B (1 and 2 only)

Q. Which of the following Peninsular rivers join the Ganga system?
1. Son
2. Chambal
3. Betwa
4. Ken
Options:
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1, 2 and 3 only
C) 1, 3 and 4 only
D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: D (All 4 – Son, Chambal, Betwa, Ken are Peninsular rivers that join the Ganga system)

Q. Consider the following statements about the Mahanadi River:
1. The Mahanadi originates in Chhattisgarh.
2. It flows through Chhattisgarh and Odisha before meeting the Bay of Bengal.
3. Its total length is about 851 km.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: D (All correct)

Q. Which of the following statements is incorrect about the Mahanadi River?
A) It originates near Sihawa in the Dhamtari district of Chhattisgarh.
B) The total drainage basin of the Mahanadi is about 1.42 lakh sq. km.
C) It flows through Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Jharkhand and West Bengal.
D) The Mahanadi forms a large delta at Cuttack before entering the Bay of Bengal.
Answer: C
Explanation: Mahanadi flows mainly through Chhattisgarh and Odisha; small parts of Jharkhand and Maharashtra are in its basin, not West Bengal.

Q. Consider the following statements about the Godavari River:
1. The Godavari originates from Trimbakeshwar in Maharashtra.
2. It is the longest Peninsular river, often called the “Dakshin Ganga.”
3. Its total length is about 1,465 km.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: D (All are correct)

Q. Which of the following statements about the Godavari River basin is incorrect?
A) It has the second largest drainage basin in India, after the Ganga.
B) Its basin extends over Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh.
C) The basin area of the Godavari is about 3.13 lakh sq. km.
D) It forms an estuary at its mouth, similar to the Narmada.
Answer: D
Explanation: Godavari forms a large delta, not an estuary.

Q. Arrange the following left-bank tributaries of the Godavari in order 
1. Pranhita
2. Sabari
3. Indravati
4. Purna
Options:
A) 2 → 1 → 4 → 3
B) 4 → 1 → 3 → 2
C) 2 → 1 → 4 → 3
D) 1 → 2 → 3 → 4
Answer: B) 4 → 1 → 3 → 2

Q. Which of the following is the right bank tributary of the Godavari?
A) Penganga
B) Wardha
C) Wainganga
D) Manjira
Answer: D Manjira
Explanation: Pranhita (Largest) is formed by the confluence of Penganga, Wardha and Wainganga, which is right bank tributary while Manjira is right bank tributary of Godavari.

Q. Consider the following statements about the Krishna River:
1. The Krishna originates near Mahabaleshwar in the Western Ghats of Maharashtra.
2. Its total length is about 1,401 km.
3. Its drainage basin is the second largest among Peninsular rivers after the Godavari.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: D (All are correct)

Q. Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the Krishna River?
A) It flows through Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh.
B) It is the second longest river of South India.
C) It empties into the Bay of Bengal forming a large delta.
D)The Krishna is shorter in length compared to the Godavari but has a larger basin area.
Answer: D

Q. Arrange the left bank tributaries of Krishna River in correct order.
1. Bhima
2. Dindi
3. Musi
4. Haliya
5. Munneru
A) 1 – 2 – 4 – 3 – 5
B) 1 – 3 – 2 – 4 – 5
C) 1 – 2 – 4 – 3 – 5
D) 2 – 1 – 3 – 5 – 4
Answer: A)1 – 2 – 4 – 3 – 5

Q. Arrange the following right bank tributaries of Krishna River in the correct order from west to east.
1. Ghatprabha
2. Malaprabha
3. Tungabhadra
4. Koyna
5. Panchganga
A) 4 – 5 – 1 – 2 – 3
B) 2 – 1 – 3 – 5 – 4
C) 3 – 2 – 1 – 4 – 5
D) 2 – 3 – 1 – 5 – 4
Answer: A) 4 – 5 – 1 – 2 – 3

Q. Consider the following statements about the Kaveri River and choose the correct option:
1. The Kaveri River originates from Talakaveri in the Brahmagiri hills of the Western Ghats (Karnataka).
2. The total length of the Kaveri River is about 800 km.
3. The Kaveri River basin covers an area of about 81,155 sq. km.
4. The river flows through the states of Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu, and finally drains into the Bay of Bengal.
Options:
A) 1, 2 and 4 only
B) 1, 2, 3 and 4
C) 2, 3 and 4 only
D) 1, 2, and 4 only
Answer: B) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q. Arrange the following right bank tributaries of the Kaveri River in correct order:
1. Kabini
2. Noyil
3. Bhavani
4. Amaravati
Options:
A) 1 – 2 – 3 – 4
B) 1 – 4 – 2 – 3
C) 1 – 2 – 4 – 3
D) 2 – 1 – 3 – 4
Answer: C) 1 – 2 – 4 – 3

Q. Arrange the following left bank tributaries of the Kaveri River in their correct order.
1. Arkavati
2. Shimsha
3. Hemavati
4. Harangi
Options:
A) 4 – 3 – 2 – 1
B) 2 – 1 – 3 – 4
C) 2 – 3 – 1 – 4
D) 1 – 2 – 3 – 4
Answer: A) 4 – 3 – 2 – 1

Q. Consider the following statements about the Narmada River:
1. The Narmada originates from Amarkantak Plateau in Madhya Pradesh.
2. It flows through a rift valley between the Vindhya and Satpura ranges.
3. It drains into the Bay of Bengal.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only 

Q. Consider the following statements:
1. Its catchmen area is about 98,796 sq. km.
2. It is the largest west-flowing river of the Peninsular Plateau.
3. Its basin covers parts of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Maharashtra.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3 

Q. Consider the following statements:
1. The Narmada River forms the famous Marble Rocks and Dhuandhar waterfall gorge near Jabalpur.
2. The Sardar Sarovar Dam is constructed on the Narmada in Gujarat.
3. The total length of the Narmada River is about 1,312 km.
Which of the above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3 

Q. Consider the following statements about the Tapi River:
1. The Tapi originates from Satpura hills near Multai in Madhya Pradesh.
2. It flows through Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat.
3. It drains into the Bay of Bengal.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only 

Q. Consider the following statements about the Tapi River basin:
1. The total length of the Tapi River is about 724 km
2. It covers an area of about 65,145 sq. km.
3. It receives rainfall mainly from the southwest monsoon.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d)1, 2 and 3

Q. Match the following west-flowing rivers to their origin points:
River origin
1. Shetruniji         A. Aniali in Rajkot district
2. Bhadra             B. Ghantar in Panchmahal district
3. Dhadhar           C. Trimbak hills in Nasik district
4. Vaitarana         D. Dalkahwa in Amreli district

A) 1-B, 2-A, 3-C, 4-D
B) 1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D
C) 1-B, 2-C, 3-A, 4-D
D) 1-D, 2-A, 3-B, 4-C
Answer D) 1-D, 2-A, 3-B, 4-C

Q. Match the following west-flowing rivers to their origin points:
1. Kalinadi                           A. Shimoga
2. Bedti                               B. Belgaum
3. Sharavati                       C. Hubli Dharwar
4. Bharathapuzha            D. Annamalai hills

A) 1-B, 2-A, 3-C, 4-D
B) 1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D
C) 1-B, 2-C, 3-A, 4-D
D) 1-D, 2-A, 3-B, 4-C
Answer C) 1-B, 2-C, 3-A, 4-D

Q. Match the following
1. Sabarmati and mahi A. Goa
2. Periyar and Pamba B. Gujarat
3. Vaitarna C. Kerala
4. Mondovi and Juari D. Maharashtra

A) 1-B, 2-A, 3-C, 4-D
B) 1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D
C) 1-B, 2-C, 3-A, 4-D
D) 1-D, 2-A, 3-B, 4-C
Answer C) 1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A

Q. How many of them does flows towards the east
1. Subarnrekha
2. Baitarni
3. Brahmani
4. Vamsadhara
5. Periyar
6. Penner
7. Palar
8. Vaigai
9. Kalinadi
10. Mondvi

A. 7
B. 9
C. 4
D. 6

Answer: A

Consider the following statements about the Namami Gange Programme:
1. It was launched in 2014 as an integrated conservation mission for the Ganga.
2. It is implemented by the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG).
3. The Namami Gange Programme is implemented by the Ministry of Jal Shakti..
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3

Q. Consider the following statements:
1. Namami Gange is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme with 100% funding from the Government of India.
2. Its key components include sewage treatment, river surface cleaning, afforestation, and industrial effluent management.
3. The programme also aims at rural sanitation and riverfront development along the Ganga.
Which of the above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3 

Q. Consider the following statements about the Namami Devi Narmade Programme:
1. It was launched by the Government of Madhya Pradesh in December 2016.
2. The main objective was conservation of the Narmada River and afforestation along its banks.
3. It is a centrally sponsored scheme of the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
Which of the above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only 

Q. Consider the following statements about the Periyar Diversion Scheme:
1. The Periyar River originates from the Western Ghats in Kerala.
2. Under this scheme, water from the Periyar is diverted eastward to the Vaigai basin in Tamil Nadu.
3. The diversion is carried out through a tunnel across the Western Ghats.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3 

Q. Consider the following statements:
1. The Mullaperiyar Dam was constructed as part of the Periyar Diversion Scheme.
2. The agreement for this dam was signed during the British period between the Kingdom of Travancore and the Madras Presidency.
3. The dam is located in Kerala but controlled by Tamil Nadu.
Which of the above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3 

Q. Consider the following statements about the Indira Gandhi Canal Project:
1. It is one of the largest canal projects in India.
2. It draws water from the Sutlej–Beas–Ravi rivers through the Bhakra and Harike Barrages.
3. It mainly irrigates the arid regions of Rajasthan.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3 

Q. Consider the following statements about the Kurnool–Cuddapah Canal:
1. It diverts water from the Tungabhadra River.
2. The canal irrigates the drought-prone areas of the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh.
3. It was originally constructed during the British period in the 19th century.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3 

Q. Consider the following statements about the Beas–Sutlej Link Project:
1. It diverts water of the Beas River into the Sutlej River.
2. The Beas–Sutlej Link was completed in the 1970s.
3. It was designed to transfer surplus Beas water to the Bhakra–Nangal Project on the Sutlej.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3 

Q. Consider the following statements about the Ganga–Kaveri Link Project:
1. It proposes to transfer surplus water from the Ganga basin to the Kaveri basin.
2. The main idea is to provide irrigation and drinking water to drought-prone regions of peninsular India.
3. The project is fully operational and has been functioning since the 1980s.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only 
Explanation: Statement 3 is wrong – the project is still at proposal stage, not implemented.