Q. What is meant by ‘natural vegetation’?
A). Plants grown in gardens
B). Vegetation that has grown without human interference
C). Crops grown during rabi season
D). Forests planted by the government
Answer: B). Vegetation that has grown without human interference
Explanation: Virgin vegetation is another name for natural vegetation that develops naturally.
Q. In which year was the Wildlife Protection Act enacted in India?
A). 1970
B). 1972
C). 1975
D). 1980
Answer: B). 1972
Explanation: The Wildlife Protection Act was enacted in 1972 to protect wildlife and their habitats in India
Q. As of now, how many biosphere reserves are there in India?
A). 18
B). 21
C). 26
D). 32
Answer: A). 18
Q. Which of the following statement is NOT correct about tropical evergreen forests?
A). Trees remain green throughout the year
B). Found in areas with very high rainfall
C). Trees shed their leaves simultaneously in a particular season
D). Trees grows up to 60 metres or even above
Answer: C). Trees shed their leaves simultaneously in a particular season
Explanation: Tropical evergreen forests do not shed all their leaves at the same time. They remain green year-round due to continuous growth and regeneration.
Q. Which of the following statements is NOT correct about Tropical Deciduous Forests?
A). They shed their leaves in dry season to conserve water
B). They require 200–70 cm annual rainfall
C). They are also called monsoon forests
D). They remain green throughout the year
Answer: D). They remain green throughout the year
Explanation: Tropical Deciduous Forests do not remain green throughout the year; they shed leaves in the dry season.
Q. Thorn forests are mainly adapted to survive in
A). Water-logged areas
B). Arid and semi-arid climates
C). Tropical rainforests
D). Cold mountainous regions
Answer: B). Arid and semi-arid climates
Explanation: Thorn forests are drought-resistant and adapted to hot, dry climates.
Q. Match the following forest types with their average annual rainfall:
1. Tropical Evergreen Forests
2. Moist Deciduous Forests
3. Dry Deciduous Forests
4. Tropical Thorn Forests
a). 100–200 cm
b). Less than 50 cm
c). Above 200 cm
d). 70–100 cm
Options:
A) 1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 4-a
B) 1-b, 2-c, 3-a, 4-d
C) 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b
D) 1-d, 2-b, 3-c, 4-a
Answer: C) 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b
Q. Match the following forest types with their trees found:
1. Tropical Evergreen Forests
2. Moist Deciduous Forests
3. Dry Deciduous Forests
4. Tropical Thorn Forests
a). Palas, tendu, axlewood, bel
b). Rosewood, mahogony, aini, ebony
c). Sandalwood, sal, teak, shisham, mahua
d). Babool, ber, wild date palm, khejri
Options:
A) 1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 4-a
B) 1-b, 2-c, 3-a, 4-d
C) 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b
D) 1-d, 2-b, 3-c, 4-a
Answer: B) 1-b, 2-c, 3-a, 4-d
Q. Which forest type in India is commonly known as the “Monsoon Forests”?
A). Tropical Evergreen Forests
B). Tropical Thorn Forests
C). Tropical Deciduous Forests
D). Alpine Forests
Answer: C). Tropical Deciduous Forests
Explanation: Tropical Deciduous Forests are called Monsoon Forests because their trees shed leaves during dry periods and regrow them with the arrival of the monsoon.
Q. Semi-evergreen forests have a mixture of:
A). Evergreen and moist deciduous trees
B). Thorny and alpine trees
C). Mangrove and marsh plants
D). Coniferous and tundra vegetation
Answer: A). Evergreen and moist deciduous trees
Q. Oak forests in the Garhwal and Kumaon regions were replaced by:
A). Teak plantations
B). Pine forests
C). Eucalyptus plantations
D). Sal forests
Answer: B). Pine (Chirs) forests
Q. Which wood acts as an insulator of heat?
A). Teak
B). Shisham
C). Sal
D). Timber
Answer: D). Timber
Q. Montane forests are found in which type of region?
A). Coastal plains
B). Desert regions
C). Mountainous regions
D). River deltas
Answer: C). Mountainous regions
Explanation: Montane forests occur in mountain areas, especially on slopes with varying temperatures and rainfall.
Q. Ramsar Convention of 1971 is related to the conservation of which ecosystem?
A). Deserts
B). Grasslands
C). Wetlands
D). Coral reefs
Answer: C). Wetlands
Q. Keoladeo National Park is located in:
A). Uttar Pradesh
B). Rajasthan
C). Madhya Pradesh
D). Haryana
Answer: B). Rajasthan
Explanation: Keoladeo National Park, also known as Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary, is located in Bharatpur district of Rajasthan.
Q. Chilika Lake, India’s largest brackish water lagoon, is located in:
A). Andhra Pradesh
B). Tamil Nadu
C). Odisha
D). West Bengal
Answer: C). Odisha
Q. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of swamp forests?
A). Dry soil
B). Waterlogged soil with salt-tolerant species
C). Alpine trees
D). Sandy desert soil
Answer: B). Waterlogged soil with salt-tolerant species
Q. What percentage of India’s geographical area is under forest cover?
A). 10%
B). 23%
C). 33%
D). 45%
Answer: B). 23.28%
Explanation: About 23.28% of India’s geographical area is under forest cover, which is less than the recommended 33% for ecological balance.
Q. According to the India State of Forest Report 2011, the actual forest cover of India was approximately:
A). 19.5%
B). 21.05%
C). 23.28%
D). 25%
Answer: B). 21.05%
Explanation: Out of 21.05% the share of dense and open forests are 12.29 and 8.75 per cent respectively.
Q. When was the first National Forest Policy of India formulated?
A). 1947
B). 1952
C). 1988
D). 1992
Answer: B). 1952
Explanation: The first National Forest Policy was adopted in 1952, which was further modified in 1988.
Q. Match the following wildlife conservation projects with their year of start:
1. Project Tiger a). 1972
2. Project Elephant b). 1992
Options:
A) 1-a, 2-b
B) 1-b, 2-a
Answer: A) 1-a, 2-b
Q. Match the following biosphere reserves with their locations:
1. Gulf of Mannar, Great Nicobar
2. Nokrek
3. Simlipal
4. Sundarbans
5. Pachmarhi, Panna
a). West Bengal
b). Madhya Pradesh
c). Tamil Nadu
d). Odisha
e). Meghalaya
Options:
A). 1–c, 2–b, 3–d, 4–a, 5–e
B). 1–b, 2–a, 3–c, 4–d, 5–e
C). 1–d, 2–b, 3–e, 4–c, 5–a
D). 1–c, 2–e, 3–d, 4–a, 5–b
Answers: D). 1–c, 2–e, 3–d, 4–a, 5–b
Q. Match the following biosphere reserves with their locations:
1. Dibru-Saikhowa
2. Dihang-Dibang
3. Kanchenjunga, Manas
4. Great Rann of Kutch
5. Seshachalam
a). Andhra Pradesh
b). Assam
c). Arunachal Pradesh
d). Sikkim
e). Gujarat
Options:
A). 1–c, 2–b, 3–d, 4–a, 5–e
B). 1–b, 2–a, 3–c, 4–d, 5–e
C). 1–d, 2–b, 3–e, 4–c, 5–a
D). 1–c, 2–c, 3–b, 4–e, 5–a
Answer: D). 1–c, 2–c, 3–b, 4–e, 5–a
Q. Match the following biosphere reserves with their location:
1. Achanakmar-Amarkantak
2. Nilgiri
3. Nanda Devi
4. Agasthyamalai
5. Cold Desert
a). Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka
b). Chhattisgarh & Madhya Pradesh
c). Himachal Pradesh
d). Tamil Nadu & Kerala
e). Uttarakhand
Options:
A). 1–c, 2–b, 3–d, 4–a, 5–e
B). 1–b, 2–a, 3–e, 4–d, 5–c
C). 1–d, 2–b, 3–e, 4–c, 5–a
D). 1–c, 2–e, 3–b, 4–a, 5–d
Answer: B). 1–b, 2–a, 3–e, 4–d, 5–c
Q. Which was the first biosphere reserve established in India?
A). Nilgiri
B). Sunderbans
C). Nanda Devi
D). Gulf of Mannar
Answer: A). Nilgiri
Explanation: The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, established in 1986, was the first biosphere reserve in India under UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere Programme.
Q. The Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve is famous for:
A). Mangrove forests
B). Marine biodiversity
C). Alpine vegetation
D). Tropical evergreen forests
Answer: B). Marine biodiversity
Explanation: It is known for rich coral reefs, seagrass beds, and diverse marine life, including fishes, turtles, and mollusks.
Q. Match the following biosphere reserves with species found there:
1. Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
2. Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve
A). Snow leopard, Musk deer
B). Nilgiri tahr, Lion-tailed macaque
Options:
A) 1-a, 2-b
B) 1-b, 2-a
Answer: B) 1-b, 2-a